堀江清孝君の論文が J. Agric. Food Chem. 誌に掲載

連合農学研究科博士課程 3 年に在籍している堀江清孝君が筆頭著者の論文がアメリカ化学会の J. Agric. Food Chem. に掲載されました．

Horie, K., Inoue, Y., Sakai, M., Yao, Q., Tanimoto, Y., Koga, J., Toshima, H. and Hasegawa, M. (2015) Identification of UV-induced diterpenes including a new diterpene phytoalexin, phytocassane F, from rice leaves by complementary GC/MS and LC/MS approaches. J. Agric. Food Chem. in press. 

この研究は堀江君だけではなく，本研究室の卒業・修了生の井上靖乃さん，阪井美紀さん，姚群さん，谷本洋輔君の卒論や修論の研究をもとにしている論文です．

イネのフィトアレキシンとしては現在までにジテルペン化合物 15 種類，フラボノイド化合物 1 種類が報告されていました．この論文では新規化合物であるファイトカサン F を紫外線照射イネ葉から精製し，その構造解析を行い，さらに紫外線照射やイネいもち病菌接種による蓄積および抗菌活性を調べて，ファイトカサン F がイネの 17 番目の新規フィトアレキシンであることを明らかにしています．また，同時に抗菌活性は低いものの紫外線照射とイネいもち病菌接種によって蓄積する 2 種のジテルペン化合物の同定も行い，これらがモミラクトン類とオリザレキシン S 生合成における中間体ではないかと推測しています．今回新たに発見されたファイトカサン F は従来から知られていたフィトアレキシンの中で比較的蓄積量も抗菌活性も高いファイトカサン A と同程度の抗菌活性と蓄積量を示しました．したがって，ファイトカサン F は多数あるイネのフィトアレキシンの中でも重要なフィトアレキシンの一つであると考えています．

新年度，堀江君の論文アクセプト，輪読

新年度が始まりました．昨年度の学生は修士 1 名が修了し，4 年生 4 名が卒業しました．今年度は卒業生のうち 2 名が大学院に進学して，新 4 年生 4 名が研究室に配属されました．研究室の学生は博士 3 年 1 名，修士 2 年 1 名，修士 1 年 2 名，学部 4 年 4 名の計 8 名で新年度スタートとなりました．

年度初めから幸先の良いことに博士課程学生の堀江清孝君が筆頭著者の論文が 4/11 にアメリカ化学会の英文誌 J. Agric. Food Chem. にアクセプトされました．この論文は新規のイネフィトアレキシンであるファイトカサン F とジテルペン系フィトアレキシン生合成中間体と想定される 2 つの化合物についての報告です．本研究は，堀江君の博士論文研究の一部ですが，卒業・修了生の井上靖乃さん，阪井美紀さん，姚群さん，谷本洋輔君の卒業・修士論文研究を発展させたものです．詳しい内容については別のエントリで後ほど書こうと思います．
Horie K, Inoue Y, Sakai M, Yao Q, Tanimoto Y, Koga J, Toshima H, and Hasegawa M, Identification of UV-induced diterpenes including a new diterpene phytoalexin, phytocassane F, from rice leaves by complementary GC/MS and LC/MS approaches. J. Agric. Food Chem., in press.

3/16 から 4/10 の輪読では下記の論文を取り上げました．
718. Dhakal, R., Park, E., Lee, S.-W., and Baek, K.-H. (2015). Soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) sprouts germinated under red light irradiation induce disease resistance against bacterial rotting disease. PLoS ONE 10: e0117712.
719. Monjil, M.S. et al. (2015). Methanol extract of mycelia from Phytophthora infestans-induced resistance in potato. C. R. Biol. 338: 185–196.
720. Shyu, C., and Brutnell, T.P. Growth–defence balance in grass biomass production: the role of jasmonates. J. Exp. Bot. in press.
721. Ameye, M. et al. (2015). Priming of wheat with the green leaf volatile Z-3-hexenyl acetate enhances defense against Fusarium graminearum but boosts deoxynivalenol production. Plant Physiol. 167: 1671–1684.
722. Richardson, L.L. et al. (2015). Secondary metabolites in floral nectar reduce parasite infections in bumblebees. Proc. R. Soc. London, Ser. B 282: 20142471.
723. Jacobo-Velazquez, D.A., Gonzalez-Aguero, M., and Cisneros-Zevallos, L. (2015). Cross-talk between signaling pathways: The link between plant secondary metabolite production and wounding stress response. Sci. Rep. 5: 8608.
724. Sohrabi, R. et al. (2015). In planta variation of volatile biosynthesis: an alternative biosynthetic route to the formation of the pathogen-induced volatile homoterpene DMNT via triterpene degradation in Arabidopsis roots. Plant Cell 27: 874–890.
725. Rasmann, S., Chassin, E., Bilat, J., Glauser, G., and Reymond, P. Trade-off between constitutive and inducible resistance against herbivores is only partially explained by gene expression and glucosinolate production. J. Exp. Bot. in press.
726. Sánchez-Vallet, A., Mesters, J.R., and Thomma, B.P.H.J. (2015). The battle for chitin recognition in plant-microbe interactions. FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 39: 171–183.
727. Lu, J. et al. (2015). Induced jasmonate signaling leads to contrasting effects on root damage and herbivore performance. Plant Physiol. 167: 1100–1116.
728. Asselin, J.A.E. et al. (2015). Perturbation of maize phenylpropanoid metabolism by an AvrE family type III effector from Pantoea stewartii. Plant Physiol. 167: 1117–1135.
729. Rudd, J.J. et al. (2015). Transcriptome and metabolite profiling of the infection cycle of Zymoseptoria tritici on wheat reveals a biphasic interaction with plant immunity involving differential pathogen chromosomal contributions and a variation on the hemibiotrophic lifestyle definition. Plant Physiol. 167: 1158–1185.
730. Neukermans, J. et al. (2015). ARACINs, Brassicaceae-specific peptides exhibiting antifungal activities against necrotrophic pathogens in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol. 167: 1017–1029.

先週の輪読

先週の輪読では以下の論文を取り上げました．
713. Heinze, M., Brandt, W., Marillonnet, S., and Roos, W. (2015). “Self” and “non-self” in the control of phytoalexin biosynthesis: plant phospholipases A2 with alkaloid-specific molecular fingerprints. Plant Cell 27: 448–462.
714. Erb, M. et al. (2015). Indole is an essential herbivore-induced volatile priming signal in maize. Nat. Commun. 6: 6273.
715. Meguro, A. et al. An unusual terpene cyclization mechanism involving a carbon–carbon bond rearrangement. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. in press.
716. Kettle, A.J. et al. Degradation of the benzoxazolinone class of phytoalexins is important for virulence of Fusarium pseudograminearum towards wheat. Mol. Plant Pathol. in press.
717. Liang, X.Y. et al. Two thiadiazole compounds promote rice defense against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae by suppressing the bacterium’s production of extracellular polysaccharides. Mol. Plant Pathol. in press.

今週の輪読

今週の輪読では以下の論文を取り上げました．
709. Piasecka, A., Jedrzejczak-Rey, N., and Bednarek, P. Secondary metabolites in plant innate immunity: conserved function of divergent chemicals. New Phytol. in press.
710. Ji, H. et al. The role of thionins in rice defence against root pathogens. Mol. Plant Pathol. in press.
711. Díaz, L., Del Río, J.A., Pérez-Gilabert, M., and Ortuño, A. (2015). Involvement of an extracellular fungus laccase in the flavonoid metabolism in Citrus fruits inoculated with Alternaria alternata. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 89: 11–17.
712. García, T., Gutiérrez, J., Veloso, J., Gago-Fuentes, R., and Díaz, J. (2015). Wounding induces local resistance but systemic susceptibility to Botrytis cinerea in pepper plants. J. Plant Physiol. 176: 202–209.

三年生の引継実験，前期日程入試，今週の輪読

修論発表会と卒論発表会が終了し，修士二年生と四年生は一段落したところですが，来年度の卒論に配属される予定の学生さんたちが先週ぐらいから引継（練習）実験を始めました．最初のうちは研究室での生活に慣れるのに精一杯で結構疲れると思いますが，頑張って欲しいと思います．

2/25（水）は茨城大学農学部でも前期日程の入学試験が実施されました．

輪読にも三年生が加わりました．英語の専門用語に慣れるまでは結構苦労するはずですが，毎日やっていればすぐによく出てくる単語は覚えます．今週の輪読では以下の論文を取り上げました．
705. Zhao, Q., Wang, M., Xu, D., Zhang, Q., and Liu, W. (2015). Metabolic coupling of two small-molecule thiols programs the biosynthesis of lincomycin A. Nature 518: 115–119.
706. Gries, R. et al. (2015). Bed bug aggregation pheromone finally identified. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 54: 1135–1138.
707. Lee, H.Y., Byeon, Y., Tan, D.-X., Reiter, R.J., and Back, K. Arabidopsis serotonin N-acetyltransferase knockout mutant plants exhibit decreased melatonin and salicylic acid levels resulting in susceptibility to an avirulent pathogen. J. Pineal Res. in press.
708. Liu, J. et al. (2015). The RhoGAP SPIN6 associates with SPL11 and OsRac1 and negatively regulates programmed cell death and innate immunity in rice. PLoS Pathogen 11: e1004629.

研究室新歓＆追いコン，今週の輪読

金曜日には大学の近くの居酒屋「たじま」で研究室の新三年生歓迎兼卒業修了生追い出しコンパを開催しました．来年度は 4 名の卒論学生が研究室配属予定で，大学院生 1 名が修了，四年生 4 名が卒業（うち 2 名は修士進学予定）の見込みです．来年度の研究室所属学生は博士 1 名，修士 3 名，四年生 4 名の計 8 名で，今年度からは 1 名増えることになります．

今週の輪読では以下の論文を取り上げました．
702. Wolfender, J.-L., Marti, G., Thomas, A., and Bertrand, S. (2015). Current approaches and challenges for the metabolite profiling of complex natural extracts. J. Chromatogr. A 1382: 136–164.
703. Liu, Z. et al. (2015). Functional diversity of jasmonates in rice. Rice 8: 1–13.
704. Kumar, A. et al. Comparative proteomics reveals differential induction of both biotic and abiotic stress response associated proteins in rice during Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae infection. Funct. Integr. Genomics in press.

卒業論文・修士論文発表会，研究室セミナー，輪読

しばらくブログ更新をサボってしまい，2015 年最初の更新が 2 月半ばとなってしまいました．

2/10 には資源生物科学専攻の修士論文発表会が開催されました．生物制御化学研究室からは濱名一穂君が「イネいもち病菌によるサクラネチンの代謝に関する研究」というタイトルで 2 年間の研究成果を発表しました．2/12, 13 には資源生物科学かの卒業論文発表会も開催され，生物制御化学研究室からは下記の 4 名の四年生が発表を行いました．
　照山真司「花芽誘導活性を有する脂肪酸類縁体の合成研究 - シクロペンタン環導入誘導体の合成 -」
　渡邉彩音「花芽誘導活性を有する脂肪酸類縁体の合成研究 - 芳香環導入誘導体の合成 -」
　酒井健伍「紫外線照射イネ葉に蓄積するアミド化合物に関する研究」
　武山恵典「モミラクトン A のいもち病菌による代謝に関する研究」
武山君の発表はその後に行われた農業化学生態学の打ち上げでの優秀発表の投票で第 2 位の栄誉に輝きました．

12/10 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は四年生の渡邉さんで，紹介した論文は Mori, M., Miki, N., Ito, D., Kondo, T. & Yoshida, K. Structure of tecophilin, a tri-caffeoylanthocyanin from the blue petals of Tecophilaea cyanocrocus, and the mechanism of blue color development. Tetrahedron 70, 8657-8664 (2014) でした．Tecophilaea cyanocrocus の花の青色色素であるカフェオイルアントシアニン三量体 tecophilin の構造についての報告でした．

12/17 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は化学生態学研究室四年生の横山さんで，紹介した論文は Bailly, A. et al. The inter-kingdom volatile signal indole promotes root development by interfering with auxin signalling. Plant J. 80, 758-771 (2014) でした．土壌細菌が放出する揮発性化合物であるインドールの植物の成長に与える影響についての報告でした．

1/7 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は四年生の酒井君で，紹介した論文は Sun, H. et al. Scopoletin is a phytoalexin against Alternaria alternata in wild tobacco dependent on jasmonate signalling. J. Exp. Bot. 65, 4305-4315 (2014) でした．スコポレチンが野生タバコにおいて Alternaria alternata に対するフィトアレキシンとして働くことについての報告でした．

1/14 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は四年生の照山君で，紹介した論文は Hayashi, K. et al. A novel total synthesis of isocryptolepine based on a microwave-assisted tandem Curtius rearrangement and aza-electrocyclic reaction. Tetrahedron 68, 4274-4279 (2012) でした．抗マラリア活性のある天然物 isocryptolepine のマイクロ波照射を利用した合成研究についての報告でした．

12/8-2/13 の輪読では下記の論文を取り上げました．
660. Ye, N. et al. (2014). Copper suppresses abscisic acid catabolism and catalase activity, and inhibits seed germination of rice. Plant Cell Physiol. 55: 2008–2016.
661. Aliferis, K.A., Faubert, D., and Jabaji, S. (2014). A metabolic profiling strategy for the dissection of plant defense against fungal pathogens. PLoS ONE 9: e111930.
662. Zhang, X. et al. (2015). The receptor kinase CERK1 has dual functions in symbiosis and immunity signalling. Plant J. 81: 258–267.
663. Vaughan, M.M. et al. The accumulation of terpenoid phytoalexins in maize roots is associated with drought tolerance. Plant Cell Environ. in press.
664. Takatsuji, H. (2014). Development of disease-resistant rice using regulatory components of induced disease resistance. Front. Plant Sci. 5: 630.
665. De Vleesschauwer, D., Höfte, M., and Xu, J. (2014). Making sense of hormone-mediated defense networking: from rice to Arabidopsis. Front. Plant Sci. 5: 611.
666. Seneviratne, H.K. et al. Non-host disease resistance response in pea (Pisum sativum) pods: Biochemical function of DRR206 and phytoalexin pathway localization. Phytochemistry in press.
667. Lu, X., Hershey, D.M., Wang, L., Bogdanove, A.J., and Peters, R.J. An ent-kaurene-derived diterpenoid virulence factor from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola. New Phytol. in press.
668. Scalschi, L. et al. (2015). Silencing of OPR3 in tomato reveals the role of OPDA in callose deposition during activation of defense responses against Botrytis cinerea. Plant J. 81: 304–315.
669. Chen, Y.-L. et al. (2014). Quantitative peptidomics study reveals that a wound-induced peptide from PR-1 regulates immune signaling in tomato. Plant Cell 26: 4135–4148.
670. Stitz, M., Hartl, M., Baldwin, I.T., and Gaquerel, E. (2014). Jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine coordinates metabolic networks required for anthesis and floral attractant emission in wild tobacco (Nicotiana attenuata). Plant Cell 26: 3964–3983.
671. Eugster, P.J. et al. (2014). Retention time prediction for dereplication of natural products (CxHyOz) in LC–MS metabolite profiling. Phytochemistry 108: 196–207.
672. Shang, Y. et al. (2014). Biosynthesis, regulation, and domestication of bitterness in cucumber. Science 346: 1084–1088.
673. Takei, M., Yoshida, S., Kawai, T., Hasegawa, M., and Suzuki, Y. (2015). Adaptive significance of gall formation for a gall-inducing aphids on Japanese elm trees. J. Insect Physiol. 72: 43–51.
674. Fang, C. et al. Identification and comparative analysis of microRNAs in barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in response to rice allelopathy. Plant Cell Environ. in press.
675. Lee, G., Lee, S., Chung, M.-S., Jeong, Y., and Chung, B. Rice terpene synthase 20 (OsTPS20) plays an important role in producing terpene volatiles in response to abiotic stresses. Protoplasma in press.
676. Farmer, E.E., Gasperini, D., and Acosta, I.F. (2014). The squeeze cell hypothesis for the activation of jasmonate synthesis in response to wounding. New Phytol. 204: 282–288.
677. Dai, L. et al. (2015). Design, synthesis, and evaluation of caffeic acid amides as synergists to sensitize fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans to fluconazole. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 25: 34–37.
678. Wiesel, L. et al. (2014). Molecular effects of resistance elicitors from biological origin and their potential for crop protection. Front. Plant Sci. 5: 655.
679. Goto, S. et al. Development of disease-resistant rice by optimized expression of WRKY45. Plant Biotechnol. J. in press.
680. Boutanaev, A.M. et al. (2015). Investigation of terpene diversification across multiple sequenced plant genomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 112: E81–E88.
681. Ranjan, A. et al. Upregulation of jasmonate biosynthesis and jasmonate-responsive genes in rice leaves in response to a bacterial pathogen mimic. Funct. Integr. Genomics in press.
682. Shi, L. et al. The regulation of methyl jasmonate on hyphal branching and GA biosynthesis in Ganoderma lucidum partly via ROS generated by NADPH oxidase. Fungal Genet. Biol. in press.
683. Yamada, Y. et al. (2015). Terpene synthases are widely distributed in bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 112: 857–862.
684. Fukuda, A., Sugimoto, K., Ando, T., Yamamoto, T., and Yano, M. Chromosomal locations of a gene underlying heat-accelerated brown spot formation and its suppressor genes in rice. Mol. Genet. Genomics in press.
685. Ramegowda, V., and Senthil-Kumar, M. (2015). The interactive effects of simultaneous biotic and abiotic stresses on plants: Mechanistic understanding from drought and pathogen combination. J. Plant Physiol. 176: 47–54.
686. Hadwiger, L.A., and Tanaka, K. (2014). EDTA a novel inducer of pisatin, a phytoalexin indicator of the non-host resistance in peas. Molecules 20: 24–34.
687. Ling, L.L. et al. (2015). A new antibiotic kills pathogens without detectable resistance. Nature 517: 455–459.
688. Roos, J., Bejai, S., Mozūraitis, R., and Dixelius, C. (2015). Susceptibility to Verticillium longisporum is linked to monoterpene production by TPS23/27 in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 81: 572–585.
689. Andersson, M.X. et al. (2015). Involvement of the electrophilic isothiocyanate sulforaphane in Arabidopsis Local defense responses. Plant Physiol. 167: 251–261.
690. Larrieu, A. et al. (2015). A fluorescent hormone biosensor reveals the dynamics of jasmonate signalling in plants. Nat. Commun. 6: 6043.
691. Narusaka, M. et al. (2015). Yeast cell wall extract induces disease resistance against bacterial and fungal pathogens in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica crop. PLoS ONE 10: e0115864.
692. Hu, X. et al. Re-examination of chlorophyllase function implies its involvement in defense against chewing herbivores. Plant Physiol. in press.
693. Shroff, R. et al. Quantification of plant surface metabolites by MALDI mass spectrometry imaging: glucosinolates on Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Plant J. in press.
694. Berim, A., Kim, M.-J., and Gang, D.R. (2015). Identification of a unique 2-oxoglutarate-dependent flavone 7-O-demethylase completes the elucidation of the lipophilic flavone network in basil. Plant Cell Physiol. 56: 126–136.
695. Ji, H., Kyndt, T., He, W., Vanholme, B., and Gheysen, G. β-aminobutyric acid–induced resistance against root-knot nematodes in rice is based on increased basal defence. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. in press.
696. Setyaningsih, W., Saputro, I.E., Barbero, G.F., Palma, M., and Garc√≠a, B., Carmelo (2015). Determination of melatonin in rice (Oryza sativa) grains by pressurized liquid extraction. J. Agric. Food Chem. 63: 1107–1115.
697. Hardeland, R. (2015). Melatonin in plants and other phototrophs: advances and gaps concerning the diversity of functions. J. Exp. Bot. 66: 627–646.
698. Wei, W. et al. (2015). Melatonin enhances plant growth and abiotic stress tolerance in soybean plants. J. Exp. Bot. 66: 695–707.
699. Kim, N.H., and Hwang, B.K. (2015). Pepper heat shock protein 70a interacts with the type III effector AvrBsT and triggers plant cell death and immunity. Plant Physiol. 167: 307–322.
700. Van Bockhaven, J. et al. Silicon induces resistance to the brown spot fungus Cochliobolus miyabeanus by preventing the pathogen from hijacking the rice ethylene pathway. New Phytol. in press.
701. Cheng, H. et al. The WRKY45-2–WRKY13–WRKY42 transcriptional regulatory cascade is required for rice resistance to fungal pathogen. Plant Physiol. in press.