三年生の引継実験，前期日程入試，今週の輪読

修論発表会と卒論発表会が終了し，修士二年生と四年生は一段落したところですが，来年度の卒論に配属される予定の学生さんたちが先週ぐらいから引継（練習）実験を始めました．最初のうちは研究室での生活に慣れるのに精一杯で結構疲れると思いますが，頑張って欲しいと思います．

2/25（水）は茨城大学農学部でも前期日程の入学試験が実施されました．

輪読にも三年生が加わりました．英語の専門用語に慣れるまでは結構苦労するはずですが，毎日やっていればすぐによく出てくる単語は覚えます．今週の輪読では以下の論文を取り上げました．
705. Zhao, Q., Wang, M., Xu, D., Zhang, Q., and Liu, W. (2015). Metabolic coupling of two small-molecule thiols programs the biosynthesis of lincomycin A. Nature 518: 115–119.
706. Gries, R. et al. (2015). Bed bug aggregation pheromone finally identified. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 54: 1135–1138.
707. Lee, H.Y., Byeon, Y., Tan, D.-X., Reiter, R.J., and Back, K. Arabidopsis serotonin N-acetyltransferase knockout mutant plants exhibit decreased melatonin and salicylic acid levels resulting in susceptibility to an avirulent pathogen. J. Pineal Res. in press.
708. Liu, J. et al. (2015). The RhoGAP SPIN6 associates with SPL11 and OsRac1 and negatively regulates programmed cell death and innate immunity in rice. PLoS Pathogen 11: e1004629.

研究室新歓＆追いコン，今週の輪読

金曜日には大学の近くの居酒屋「たじま」で研究室の新三年生歓迎兼卒業修了生追い出しコンパを開催しました．来年度は 4 名の卒論学生が研究室配属予定で，大学院生 1 名が修了，四年生 4 名が卒業（うち 2 名は修士進学予定）の見込みです．来年度の研究室所属学生は博士 1 名，修士 3 名，四年生 4 名の計 8 名で，今年度からは 1 名増えることになります．

今週の輪読では以下の論文を取り上げました．
702. Wolfender, J.-L., Marti, G., Thomas, A., and Bertrand, S. (2015). Current approaches and challenges for the metabolite profiling of complex natural extracts. J. Chromatogr. A 1382: 136–164.
703. Liu, Z. et al. (2015). Functional diversity of jasmonates in rice. Rice 8: 1–13.
704. Kumar, A. et al. Comparative proteomics reveals differential induction of both biotic and abiotic stress response associated proteins in rice during Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae infection. Funct. Integr. Genomics in press.

卒業論文・修士論文発表会，研究室セミナー，輪読

しばらくブログ更新をサボってしまい，2015 年最初の更新が 2 月半ばとなってしまいました．

2/10 には資源生物科学専攻の修士論文発表会が開催されました．生物制御化学研究室からは濱名一穂君が「イネいもち病菌によるサクラネチンの代謝に関する研究」というタイトルで 2 年間の研究成果を発表しました．2/12, 13 には資源生物科学かの卒業論文発表会も開催され，生物制御化学研究室からは下記の 4 名の四年生が発表を行いました．
　照山真司「花芽誘導活性を有する脂肪酸類縁体の合成研究 - シクロペンタン環導入誘導体の合成 -」
　渡邉彩音「花芽誘導活性を有する脂肪酸類縁体の合成研究 - 芳香環導入誘導体の合成 -」
　酒井健伍「紫外線照射イネ葉に蓄積するアミド化合物に関する研究」
　武山恵典「モミラクトン A のいもち病菌による代謝に関する研究」
武山君の発表はその後に行われた農業化学生態学の打ち上げでの優秀発表の投票で第 2 位の栄誉に輝きました．

12/10 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は四年生の渡邉さんで，紹介した論文は Mori, M., Miki, N., Ito, D., Kondo, T. & Yoshida, K. Structure of tecophilin, a tri-caffeoylanthocyanin from the blue petals of Tecophilaea cyanocrocus, and the mechanism of blue color development. Tetrahedron 70, 8657-8664 (2014) でした．Tecophilaea cyanocrocus の花の青色色素であるカフェオイルアントシアニン三量体 tecophilin の構造についての報告でした．

12/17 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は化学生態学研究室四年生の横山さんで，紹介した論文は Bailly, A. et al. The inter-kingdom volatile signal indole promotes root development by interfering with auxin signalling. Plant J. 80, 758-771 (2014) でした．土壌細菌が放出する揮発性化合物であるインドールの植物の成長に与える影響についての報告でした．

1/7 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は四年生の酒井君で，紹介した論文は Sun, H. et al. Scopoletin is a phytoalexin against Alternaria alternata in wild tobacco dependent on jasmonate signalling. J. Exp. Bot. 65, 4305-4315 (2014) でした．スコポレチンが野生タバコにおいて Alternaria alternata に対するフィトアレキシンとして働くことについての報告でした．

1/14 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は四年生の照山君で，紹介した論文は Hayashi, K. et al. A novel total synthesis of isocryptolepine based on a microwave-assisted tandem Curtius rearrangement and aza-electrocyclic reaction. Tetrahedron 68, 4274-4279 (2012) でした．抗マラリア活性のある天然物 isocryptolepine のマイクロ波照射を利用した合成研究についての報告でした．

12/8-2/13 の輪読では下記の論文を取り上げました．
660. Ye, N. et al. (2014). Copper suppresses abscisic acid catabolism and catalase activity, and inhibits seed germination of rice. Plant Cell Physiol. 55: 2008–2016.
661. Aliferis, K.A., Faubert, D., and Jabaji, S. (2014). A metabolic profiling strategy for the dissection of plant defense against fungal pathogens. PLoS ONE 9: e111930.
662. Zhang, X. et al. (2015). The receptor kinase CERK1 has dual functions in symbiosis and immunity signalling. Plant J. 81: 258–267.
663. Vaughan, M.M. et al. The accumulation of terpenoid phytoalexins in maize roots is associated with drought tolerance. Plant Cell Environ. in press.
664. Takatsuji, H. (2014). Development of disease-resistant rice using regulatory components of induced disease resistance. Front. Plant Sci. 5: 630.
665. De Vleesschauwer, D., Höfte, M., and Xu, J. (2014). Making sense of hormone-mediated defense networking: from rice to Arabidopsis. Front. Plant Sci. 5: 611.
666. Seneviratne, H.K. et al. Non-host disease resistance response in pea (Pisum sativum) pods: Biochemical function of DRR206 and phytoalexin pathway localization. Phytochemistry in press.
667. Lu, X., Hershey, D.M., Wang, L., Bogdanove, A.J., and Peters, R.J. An ent-kaurene-derived diterpenoid virulence factor from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola. New Phytol. in press.
668. Scalschi, L. et al. (2015). Silencing of OPR3 in tomato reveals the role of OPDA in callose deposition during activation of defense responses against Botrytis cinerea. Plant J. 81: 304–315.
669. Chen, Y.-L. et al. (2014). Quantitative peptidomics study reveals that a wound-induced peptide from PR-1 regulates immune signaling in tomato. Plant Cell 26: 4135–4148.
670. Stitz, M., Hartl, M., Baldwin, I.T., and Gaquerel, E. (2014). Jasmonoyl-L-isoleucine coordinates metabolic networks required for anthesis and floral attractant emission in wild tobacco (Nicotiana attenuata). Plant Cell 26: 3964–3983.
671. Eugster, P.J. et al. (2014). Retention time prediction for dereplication of natural products (CxHyOz) in LC–MS metabolite profiling. Phytochemistry 108: 196–207.
672. Shang, Y. et al. (2014). Biosynthesis, regulation, and domestication of bitterness in cucumber. Science 346: 1084–1088.
673. Takei, M., Yoshida, S., Kawai, T., Hasegawa, M., and Suzuki, Y. (2015). Adaptive significance of gall formation for a gall-inducing aphids on Japanese elm trees. J. Insect Physiol. 72: 43–51.
674. Fang, C. et al. Identification and comparative analysis of microRNAs in barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in response to rice allelopathy. Plant Cell Environ. in press.
675. Lee, G., Lee, S., Chung, M.-S., Jeong, Y., and Chung, B. Rice terpene synthase 20 (OsTPS20) plays an important role in producing terpene volatiles in response to abiotic stresses. Protoplasma in press.
676. Farmer, E.E., Gasperini, D., and Acosta, I.F. (2014). The squeeze cell hypothesis for the activation of jasmonate synthesis in response to wounding. New Phytol. 204: 282–288.
677. Dai, L. et al. (2015). Design, synthesis, and evaluation of caffeic acid amides as synergists to sensitize fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans to fluconazole. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 25: 34–37.
678. Wiesel, L. et al. (2014). Molecular effects of resistance elicitors from biological origin and their potential for crop protection. Front. Plant Sci. 5: 655.
679. Goto, S. et al. Development of disease-resistant rice by optimized expression of WRKY45. Plant Biotechnol. J. in press.
680. Boutanaev, A.M. et al. (2015). Investigation of terpene diversification across multiple sequenced plant genomes. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 112: E81–E88.
681. Ranjan, A. et al. Upregulation of jasmonate biosynthesis and jasmonate-responsive genes in rice leaves in response to a bacterial pathogen mimic. Funct. Integr. Genomics in press.
682. Shi, L. et al. The regulation of methyl jasmonate on hyphal branching and GA biosynthesis in Ganoderma lucidum partly via ROS generated by NADPH oxidase. Fungal Genet. Biol. in press.
683. Yamada, Y. et al. (2015). Terpene synthases are widely distributed in bacteria. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 112: 857–862.
684. Fukuda, A., Sugimoto, K., Ando, T., Yamamoto, T., and Yano, M. Chromosomal locations of a gene underlying heat-accelerated brown spot formation and its suppressor genes in rice. Mol. Genet. Genomics in press.
685. Ramegowda, V., and Senthil-Kumar, M. (2015). The interactive effects of simultaneous biotic and abiotic stresses on plants: Mechanistic understanding from drought and pathogen combination. J. Plant Physiol. 176: 47–54.
686. Hadwiger, L.A., and Tanaka, K. (2014). EDTA a novel inducer of pisatin, a phytoalexin indicator of the non-host resistance in peas. Molecules 20: 24–34.
687. Ling, L.L. et al. (2015). A new antibiotic kills pathogens without detectable resistance. Nature 517: 455–459.
688. Roos, J., Bejai, S., Mozūraitis, R., and Dixelius, C. (2015). Susceptibility to Verticillium longisporum is linked to monoterpene production by TPS23/27 in Arabidopsis. Plant J. 81: 572–585.
689. Andersson, M.X. et al. (2015). Involvement of the electrophilic isothiocyanate sulforaphane in Arabidopsis Local defense responses. Plant Physiol. 167: 251–261.
690. Larrieu, A. et al. (2015). A fluorescent hormone biosensor reveals the dynamics of jasmonate signalling in plants. Nat. Commun. 6: 6043.
691. Narusaka, M. et al. (2015). Yeast cell wall extract induces disease resistance against bacterial and fungal pathogens in Arabidopsis thaliana and Brassica crop. PLoS ONE 10: e0115864.
692. Hu, X. et al. Re-examination of chlorophyllase function implies its involvement in defense against chewing herbivores. Plant Physiol. in press.
693. Shroff, R. et al. Quantification of plant surface metabolites by MALDI mass spectrometry imaging: glucosinolates on Arabidopsis thaliana leaves. Plant J. in press.
694. Berim, A., Kim, M.-J., and Gang, D.R. (2015). Identification of a unique 2-oxoglutarate-dependent flavone 7-O-demethylase completes the elucidation of the lipophilic flavone network in basil. Plant Cell Physiol. 56: 126–136.
695. Ji, H., Kyndt, T., He, W., Vanholme, B., and Gheysen, G. β-aminobutyric acid–induced resistance against root-knot nematodes in rice is based on increased basal defence. Mol. Plant Microbe Interact. in press.
696. Setyaningsih, W., Saputro, I.E., Barbero, G.F., Palma, M., and Garc√≠a, B., Carmelo (2015). Determination of melatonin in rice (Oryza sativa) grains by pressurized liquid extraction. J. Agric. Food Chem. 63: 1107–1115.
697. Hardeland, R. (2015). Melatonin in plants and other phototrophs: advances and gaps concerning the diversity of functions. J. Exp. Bot. 66: 627–646.
698. Wei, W. et al. (2015). Melatonin enhances plant growth and abiotic stress tolerance in soybean plants. J. Exp. Bot. 66: 695–707.
699. Kim, N.H., and Hwang, B.K. (2015). Pepper heat shock protein 70a interacts with the type III effector AvrBsT and triggers plant cell death and immunity. Plant Physiol. 167: 307–322.
700. Van Bockhaven, J. et al. Silicon induces resistance to the brown spot fungus Cochliobolus miyabeanus by preventing the pathogen from hijacking the rice ethylene pathway. New Phytol. in press.
701. Cheng, H. et al. The WRKY45-2–WRKY13–WRKY42 transcriptional regulatory cascade is required for rice resistance to fungal pathogen. Plant Physiol. in press.

研究室セミナー & 今週の輪読

12/3 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は化学生態学研究室四年生の新井君で，紹介した論文は Tanaka, J. et al. Antheridiogen determines sex in ferns via a spatiotemporally split gibberellin synthesis pathway. Science 346, 469-473 (2014) でした．カニクサの造精器誘導物質であるアンセリジオーゲンが生体内に取り込まれてから活性型ジベレリンに変換されて造精器誘導活性を示していることを明らかにした報告でした．

今週の輪読では以下の論文を取り上げました．
655. Tanaka, J. et al. (2014). Antheridiogen determines sex in ferns via a spatiotemporally split gibberellin synthesis pathway. Science 346: 469–473.
656. Toyomasu, T. et al. Transcripts of two ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase genes differentially localize in rice plants according to their distinct biological roles. J. Exp. Bot. in press.
657. Tianpei, X. et al. (2015). Scorpion peptide LqhIT2 activates phenylpropanoid pathways via jasmonate to increase rice resistance to rice leafrollers. Plant Sci. 230: 1–11.
658. Xu, P., Choo, Y.-M., De La Rosa, A., and Leal, W.S. (2014). Mosquito odorant receptor for DEET and methyl jasmonate. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 111: 16592–16597.
659. Park, H.L. et al. (2014). Antimicrobial activity of UV-induced phenylamides from rice leaves. Molecules 19: 18139–18151.

研究室セミナー & 今週の輪読

11/26 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は四年生の武山君で，紹介した論文は Ribot, C. et al. The Magnaporthe oryzae effector AVR1-CO39 is translocated into rice cells independently of a fungal-derived machinery. Plant J. 74, 1-12 (2013) でした．イネいもち病菌の非病原性エフェクタータンパク質 AVR1-CO39 がどのようにイネの細胞内に取り込まれるのかについての報告でした．

今週の輪読では以下の論文を取り上げました．
651. Kim, N.H., and Hwang, B.K. Pepper pathogenesis-related protein 4c is a plasma-membrane localized cysteine protease inhibitor that is required for plant cell death and defense signaling. Plant J. in press.
652. Ao, Y. et al. OsCERK1 and OsRLCK176 play important roles in peptidoglycan and chitin signaling in rice innate immunity. Plant J. in press.
653. Irmisch, S. et al. Herbivore-induced poplar cytochrome P450 enzymes of the CYP71 family convert aldoximes to nitriles which repel a generalist caterpillar. Plant J. in press.
654. Wouters, F.C. et al. (2014). Reglucosylation of the benzoxazinoid DIMBOA with inversion of stereochemical configuration is a detoxification strategy in lepidopteran herbivores. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53: 11320–11324.

化学生態学実験 III，研究室セミナー，輪読

11/10-21 の二週間は化学生態学実験 III が開講されました．今年度の受講生は 31 名でした．GC/MS があまりうまくいかずに少々手こずりましたが，その他は TA の学生さんたちのおかげでほぼ順調に実施することができました．

11/12 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は化学生態学研究室修士課程一年の藤原さんで，紹介した論文は Nakabayashi, R. et al. Enhancement of oxidative and drought tolerance in Arabidopsis by overaccumulation of antioxidant flavonoids. Plant J. 77, 367-379 (2014) でした．シロイヌナズナにおけるフラボノイドの蓄積と酸化および乾燥ストレス耐性の関係についての報告でした．

11/19 のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は修士課程一年の渡辺さんで，紹介した論文は Furutachi, M., Kumagai, N., Watanabe, T. & Shibasaki, M. Chromatography-free synthesis of Corey’s intermediate for Tamiflu. Tetrahedron 70, 9113-9117 (2014) でした．タミフル合成中間体のクロマトグラフィーによる分離を用いない合成法についての報告でした．

11/10-21 の輪読では以下の論文を取り上げました．
641. Hoffmann, T., Krug, D., Hüttel, S., and Müller, R. (2014). Improving natural products identification through targeted LC-MS/MS in an untargeted secondary metabolomics workflow. Anal. Chem. 86: 10780–10788.
642. Wu, S., Shan, L., and He, P. (2014). Microbial signature-triggered plant defense responses and early signaling mechanisms. Plant Sci. 228: 118–126.
643. He, X. et al. (2014). Virus-mediated chemical changes in rice plants impact the relationship between non-vector planthopper Nilaparvata lugens Stål and its egg parasitoid Anagrus nilaparvatae Pang et Wang. PLoS ONE 9: e105373.
644. Kusari, S. et al. (2014). Tramadol–true natural product? Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 53: 12073–12076.
645. Miyata, K. et al. (2014). Bifunctional plant receptor, OsCERK1, regulates both chitin-triggered immunity and arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in rice. Plant Cell Physiol. 55: 1864–1872.
646. Ueno, M., Kihara, J., and Arase, S. Tryptamine and sakuranetin accumulation in Sekiguchi lesions associated with the light-enhanced resistance of the lesion mimic mutant of rice to Magnaporthe oryzae. J. Gen. Plant Pathol. in press.
647. Hilfiker, O. et al. Insect eggs induce a systemic acquired resistance in Arabidopsis. Plant J. in press.
648. Wittek, F. et al. (2014). Arabidopsis ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 promotes systemic acquired resistance via azelaic acid and its precursor 9-oxo nonanoic acid. J. Exp. Bot. 65: 5919–5931.
649. Yan, J., Lipka, A.E., Schmelz, E.A., Buckler, E.S., and Jander, G. Accumulation of 5-hydroxynorvaline in maize (Zea mays) leaves is induced by insect feeding and abiotic stress. J. Exp. Bot. in press.
650. Tian, Y. et al. (2014). The fungal leaf endophyte Paraconiothyrium variabile specifically metabolizes the host-plant metabolome for its own benefit. Phytochemistry 108: 95–101.

鍬耕祭，研究室セミナー，今週の輪読

11/1, 2 には阿見キャンパスで鍬耕祭が開催されました．11/1 には主に高校生を対象とした秋のオープンキャンパスと農学部の一年次生を対象とした阿見キャンパス見学会（フレッシュマン・ゼミナールという授業の一部）も同時開催され，研究室公開を実施しました．今年は筑波大の学園祭や大手予備校の模試と日程が重なってしまったという話もあり，研究室見学に来てくれた高校生は残念ながらゼロでした．しかし，一年次生は（授業の一環ということもあり）熱心に見学してくれました．また，何人かの研究室の卒業生と在学生のご父兄にも訪問していただきました．

今週のセミナーでの文献紹介の担当は化学生態学研究室修士課程一年の武井さんで，紹介した論文は Bosch, M. et al. Jasmonic acid and its precursor 12-oxophytodienoic acid control different aspects of constitutive and induced herbivore defenses in tomato. Plant Physiol. 166, 396-410 (2014) でした．ジャスモン酸の生合成前駆体である 12-オキソフィトジエン酸がトマトにおいてジャスモン酸とは異なった機構で食害昆虫に対する抵抗性に関与していることについての報告でした．

今週の輪読では以下の論文を取り上げました．
637. Aranega-Bou, P., Leyva, M.D.L.O., Finiti, I., García, A., Pilar, and González, B., Carmen (2014). Priming of plant resistance by natural compounds. Hexanoic acid as a model. Front. Plant Sci. 5: 488.
638. Köhler, A. et al. Within-plant distribution of 1,4-benzoxazin-3-ones contributes to herbivore niche differentiation in maize. Plant Cell Environ. in press.
639. Noctor, G., Lelarge-Trouverie, C., and Mhamdi, A. The metabolomics of oxidative stress. Phytochemistry in press.
640. Tabata, R. et al. (2014). Perception of root-derived peptides by shoot LRR-RKs mediates systemic N-demand signaling. Science 346: 343–346.